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Exclaiming Takbeer
بســـم اللــه الرحــمــن الـرحـــيــم
It is recommended to say Takbeer (proclaiming "Allaahu Akbar"); due to His saying, the The Exalted:
{وَلِتُكْمِلُواْ الْعِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُوا اللهَ عَلَى مَا هَدَاكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ}
{"and that you may complete the number [of days] and that you may glorify Allah for that [to] which He has guided you; and perhaps you will be grateful."} (Al-Baqarah 2:185)
and His saying, the Most High:
{وَاذْكُرُوا اللهَ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَّعْدُودَاتٍ ۚ }
{"And remember Allah during [specific] numbered days."} (Al-Baqarah 2:203),
and His saying, the Exalted:
{لِّيَشْهَدُوا مَنَافِعَ لَهُمْ وَيَذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللهِ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَّعْلُومَاتٍ} .
{"That they may witness benefits for themselves and mention the name of Allah on known days."} (Al-Hajj 22:28).
And due to the hadith of Ummu Atiyyah Nusaybah Al-Ansariyyah, رضي الله عنها, in the two Sahihayn, who said: "The Messenger of Allaah صلى الله عليه وسلم commanded us to bring out on the two Eids the unmarried women and those secluded in their chambers, and he commanded the menstruating women to keep away from the place salah of the Muslims."
In another wording: "We were commanded to go out on the day of Eid, even bringing out the virgin from her seclusion, even the menstruating women, so they would say Takbeer with them and supplicate with their supplications; hoping for the blessing and purification of that day."
أمرنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أن نُخْرِجَ في العيدين العواتق وذوات الخدور ، وأمر الحُيَّض أن يعتزلن مصلى المسلمين.
وفي لفظ : كنا نُؤمَر أن نخرج يوم العيد ، حتى نُخْرِجَ البكر من خِدْرِهَا ، حتى تَخْرُجَ الحُيَّضُ ، فَيُكَبِّرن بتكبيرهم ويدعون بدعائهم ؛ يرجون بركة ذلك اليوم وطُهْرَتَه .
Two divisions of the Takbeer
Takbeer is divided into two types:
Absolute (Mutlaq): This is not restricted by a specific time, so it is recommended to be recited always.
Restricted (Muqayyad): This is restricted to specific times, usually after the prescribed salawaat.
It's duration
The Takbir for Eid al-Fitr begins, according to the preponderant opinion of the scholars (which is the view of the majority of scholars among the Companions, Tabi'in, and those after them), from the morning (Ghadu) until the Eid prayer. It ends when the Imam pronounces the Takbeer for the prayer.
As for Eid al-Adha: Absolute Takbir is recommended throughout the ten days of Dhul Hijjah (due to the recommendation to increase good deeds during this period, including Takbir), and all the days of Tashreeq. It begins from the start of the month of Dhul Hijjah until the last day of the days of Tashreeq.
As for the Restricted Takbir, for those who are not performing Hajj, it begins from the Fajr of the Day of Arafah until the sunset of the last of the days of Tashreeq.
For the pilgrim, the Restricted Takbir begins for him from the Dhuhr of the Day of Sacrifice (Yawm Al-Nahr) until the sunset of the last of the days of Tashreeq. And Allaah knows best.
Bid'ah Takbeer
Congregational Takbir in the two Eids and other occasions is an innovation (Bid'ah), and this is the fatwa of the great scholar Ibnu Baaz, may Allah have mercy on him.
Among the forms of Takbeer are:
BY Awf Ibn Maalik Islaamic Library.
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